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Dogfish sharks: Order squaliform
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Dogfish sharks: Order squaliform
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Dogfish sharks are the second largest of shark orders with 128 species. Dogfish are highly diverse. They include:
Dwarf Lanternshark (Etmopterus perryi)
Cookie-cutter Shark (Isistius brasiliensis)
Smallest of all known sharks at 6 inches Seduces its prey bioluminescence;
then scoops out a chunk of its flesh
Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)
Spiny Dogfish (Squalus acanthias)
Largest dogshark at 21 feet. Relatively abundant, but vulnerable to extinction because it of over-exploitation, low protection, and low reproductive capability.
Caribbean Roughshark (Oxynotus caribbaeus

Click below to view gallery:

Unusual-looking, highly pronounced dorsal fins, plush-appearing body

llustrations by R. Aidan Martin


Characteristics of the Dogfish Sharks

# of Species
119
Body shape
Rounded; varied according to species
Mouth position
Underneath
Anal fin
No
Dorsal Fin
2
Fin spines
Yes
# of Gill slits
5
Reproduction
Ovoviviparous (eggs develop in the mother’s body and are born alive).
Unique qualities
Many bioluminescent
Habitat
Marine; most species bottom oriented. Widely diversified and wide-ranging, dogfish sharks are in coastal and oceanic waters, from cool temperate to deep tropical waters
Food
Diverse as are the species. Range from boney fishes, crustacea, to marine mammals

Comparison of the Families of Dogfish Sharks

Family
Dogfish
Gulper
Lantern
Angular
Roughshark
Sleeper
Kitefin
Squalidae
Centrophoridae
Etmopteridae
Oxynotidae
Somniosidae
Dalatiidae
# of species
20
15
51
5
18
10
Dorsal fin
smooth spine
grooved spine
very high dorsal
deeply imbedded spine
small dorsals, grooved spines
small dorsals, no spine
Unusual qualities
upper & lower teeth equal size
lower teeth noticably larger than upper
luminous patterns
body high, triangular; rough, large dentricles
mall pectoral, pelvic, and dorsal fins
large eyes
Includes
Spiny dogfish, Mandarin dogfish
Gulper, Birdbeak dogfish
Lantern sharks
Roughsharks
Portuguese, Sleeper shark
Kitefin, Cookie-cutter, Pygmy